SAT写作人物素材：托马斯·杰斐逊

2018-03-28 10:51:18来源：网络

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　　1796年，杰斐逊不情愿地成为总统候选人，但他却赢得了三张选票。通过宪法的一个漏洞，他成为了副总统，尽管他是亚当斯总统的反对者。在1800年，缺陷造成了一个更严重的问题。共和党的选举人试图从他们自己的政党中提名总统和副总统，在杰斐逊和伯尔之间投下了一票。众议院解决了这个问题。汉密尔顿既不喜欢杰斐逊，也不喜欢伯尔，但他还是敦促杰斐逊当选。

　　When Jefferson assumed the Presidency, the crisis in France had passed. He slashed Army and Navy expenditures, cut the budget, eliminated the tax on whiskey so unpopular in the West, yet reduced the national debt by a third. He also sent a naval squadron to fight the Barbary pirates, who were harassing American commerce in the Mediterranean. Further, although the Constitution made no provision for the acquisition of new land, Jefferson suppressed his qualms over constitutionality when he had the opportunity to acquire the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon in 1803.

　　当杰斐逊就任总统时，法国的危机已经过去。他削减了陆军和海军的开支，削减了预算，取消了在西方不受欢迎的威士忌的税收，但却减少了三分之一的国家债务。他还派了一个海军中队去对付那些在地中海骚扰美国商业的巴巴里海盗。此外，虽然《宪法》没有规定购置新土地，但当他有机会在1803年从拿破仑手中获得路易斯安那领土时，他就抑制住了对宪法的疑虑。

　　During Jefferson's second term, he was increasingly preoccupied with keeping the Nation from involvement in the Napoleonic wars, though both England and France interfered with the neutral rights of American merchantmen. Jefferson's attempted solution, an embargo upon American shipping, worked badly and was unpopular.

　　在杰斐逊的第二个任期内，他越来越专注于让国家不卷入拿破仑战争，尽管英国和法国都干涉了美国商人的中立权利。杰斐逊试图解决的办法是，对美国航运实行禁运，结果很糟糕，不受欢迎。

　　Jefferson retired to Monticello to ponder such projects as his grand designs for the University of Virginia. A French nobleman observed that he had placed his house and his mind "on an elevated situation, from which he might contemplate the universe."

　　杰斐逊退休后到蒙蒂塞洛去考虑他为弗吉尼亚大学设计的宏伟计划。一位法国贵族注意到，他把自己的房子和思想“放在一个高处，从那里他可以思考宇宙。”

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