SAT1(Barrons)巴朗3500基础词汇(List 16)

　　SAT1(Barrons)巴朗3500基础词汇

Word List 16duration-encroachment

duration N./持续时间/length of time something lasts. Because she wanted the children to make a good impression on the din­ner guests, Mother promised them a treat if they'd behave for the duration of the meal.

duress N./（非法的）限制，关押/forcible restraint, especially unlawfully. The hostages were held under duress until the prisoners' demands were met.

dutiful ADJ./恭敬的；尊重的/respectful; obedient. When Mother told Billy to kiss Great-Aunt Hattie, the boy obediently gave the old woman a dutiful peck on her cheek.

dwarf V./使看上去矮小/cause to seem small. The giant redwoods and high cliffs dwarfed the elegant Ahwahnee Hotel, making it appear a modest lodge rather than an imposing hostelry.

dwindle V./缩水；减少/shrink; reduce. The food in the life boat gradu­ally dwindled away to nothing; in the end, they ate the ship's cook.

dynamic ADJ./充满活力的/energetic; vigorously active. The dynamic aerobics instructor kept her students on the run; she was a little dynamo.

earthy ADJ./粗糙的；未加工的/unrefined; coarse. His earthy remarks often embarrassed the women in his audience.

ebb V./衰退/recede; lessen. Sitting on the beach, Mrs. Dalloway watched the tide ebb: the waters receded, drawing away from her as she sat there all alone. also N.

ebullient ADJ./热情的，激动的/showing excitement; overflowing with enthu­siasm. Amy's ebullient nature could not be repressed; she' was always bubbling over with excitement. ebullience, N.

eccentric ADJ./古怪的，奇怪的/irregular; odd; whimsical; bizarre. The comet veered dangerously close to the earth in its eccentric orbit. People came up with some eccentric ideas for deal­ing with the emergency: someone even suggested tieing a knot in the comet's tail!

eccentricityN./怪僻，古怪；特性/oddity; idiosyncrasy. Some of his friends tried to account for his rudeness to strangers as the eccen­tricity of genius.

ecclesiasticADJ./神职的/pertaining to the church. The minister donned his ecclesiastic garb and walked to the pulpit. also N.

eclectic ADJ./折衷的/composed of elements drawn from dis­parate sources. His style of interior decoration was eclec­tic: bits and pieces of furnishings from widely divergent periods, strikingly juxtaposed to create a unique decor. eclecticism, N.

eclipse V./超越；衰落；失色/darken; extinguish; surpass. The new stock market high eclipsed the previous record set in 1995.

ecologist N./生态学家/a person concerned with the interrelationship between living organisms and their environment. The ecolo­gist was concerned that the new dam would upset the nat­ural balance of the creatures living in Glen Canyon.

economy N./俭省节约的，经济的/efficiency or conciseness in using something. Reading the epigrams of Pope, I admire the economy of his verse: in few words he conveys worlds of meaning. (sec­ondary meaning)

ecstasy N./全神贯注，入迷，高兴/rapture; joy; any overpowering emotion. When Allison received her long-hoped-for letter of acceptance from Harvard, she was in ecstasy. ecstatic,ADJ.

eddy N./漩涡/swirling current of water, air, etc. The water in the tide pool was still, except for an occasional eddy.

edict N./法令，号令；布告/decree (especially issued by a sovereign); official command. The emperor issued an edict decreeing that everyone should come see him model his magnificent new clothes.

edify V./教导；启迪，陶冶/instruct; correct morally. Although his purpose was to edify and not to entertain his audience, many of his listeners were amused rather than enlightened.

eerie ADJ./怪异的/weird. In that eerie setting, it was easy to believe in ghosts and other supernatural beings.

efface V./抹掉/rub out. The coin had been handled so many times that its date had been effaced.

effectual ADJ./有效的/able to produce a desired effect; valid. Medical researchers are concerned because of the devel­opment of drug-resistant strains of bacteria; many once useful antibiotics are no longer effectual in curing bacterial infections.

effervescence N./泡腾，沸腾；兴奋，活泼/inner excitement or exuberance; bub­bling from fermentation or carbonation. Nothing depressed Sue for long; her natural effervescence soon reasserted itself. Soda that loses its effervescence goes flat. efferves­cent, ADJ.effervesce,V.

efficacy N./功效/power to produce desired effect. The efficacy of this drug depends on the regularity of the dosage. effica­cious,ADJ.

effigy N./假人（被人憎恨的，如秦桧）/dummy. The mob showed its irritation by hanging the judge in effigy.

effrontery N./厚颜无耻/shameless boldness. She had the effrontery to insult the guest.

effusive ADJ./激情澎湃的/pouring forth; gushing. Her effusive manner of greeting her friends finally began to irritate them. effu­sion, N.

egoism N./自我中心，利己主义/excessive interest in one's self; belief that one should be interested in one's self rather than in others. His egoism prevented him from seeing the needs of his col­leagues.

egotistical ADJ./极度自我中心；自以为是，逞能/excessively self-centered; self-important; conceited. Typical egotistical remark: "But enough of this chit-chat about you and your little problems. Let's talk about what's really important: Me!"

egregious ADJ./及其令人痛恨的，声名狼藉；令人吃惊的/notorious; conspicuously bad or shocking. She was an egregious liar; we all knew better than to believe a word she said. Ed's housekeeping was egregious: he let his dirty dishes pile up so long that they were stuck together with last week's food.

egress N./出口/exit. Barnum's sign "To the Egress" fooled many people who thought they were going to see an animal and instead found themselves in the street.

ejaculation N./迸出；惊叹/exclamation. He could not repress an ejacu­lation of surprise when he heard the news.

elaborationN./细节；复杂/addition of details; intricacy. Tell what hap­pened simply, without any elaboration. elaborate,V.

elated ADJ./过分高兴的；兴高采烈/overjoyed; in high spirits. Grinning from ear to ear, Bonnie Blair was clearly elated by her fifth Olympic gold medal. elation, N.

elegy N./挽歌，悲歌/poem or song expressing lamentation. On the death of Edward King, Milton composed the elegy "Lyci­das." elegiacal,ADJ.

elicit V./得出/draw out by discussion. The detectives tried to elicit where he had hidden his loot.

elixir N./包治百病，万能药/cure-all; something invigorating. The news of her chance to go abroad acted on her like an elixir.

ellipsis N./省略/omission of words from a text. Sometimes an ellipsis can lead to a dangling modifier, as in the sentence "Once dressed, you should refrigerate the potato salad."

elliptical ADJ./椭圆的；有意模棱两可的/oval; ambiguous, either purposely or because key words have been left out. An elliptical billiard ball wobbles because it is not perfectly round; an elliptical remark baffles because it is not perfectly clear.

eloquence N./雄辩；修辞/expressiveness; persuasive speech. The crowds were stirred by Martin Luther King's eloquence. elo­quent,ADJ.

elucidate V./解释；启迪/explain; enlighten. He was called upon to elu­cidate the disputed points in his article.

elusive ADJ./难懂的，难捉摸的；令人困惑的/evasive; baffling; hard to grasp. Trying to pin down exactly when the contractors would be finished remodeling the house, Nancy was frustrated by their elusive replies. elude,V.

emaciated ADJ./瘦弱的，脆弱的/thin and wasted. His long period of starva­tion had left him emaciated.

emanate V./散发，发出/issue forth. A strong odor of sulphur emanated from the spring.

emancipateV./释放，解放/set free. At first, the attempts of the Aboli­tionists to emancipate the slaves were unpopular in New England as well as in the South.

embargo N./禁运/ban on commerce or other activity. As a result of the embargo, trade with the colonies was at a standstill.

embark V./开始旅程，开始，登机，上船，上车/commence; go on board a boat or airplane; begin a journey. In devoting herself to the study of gorillas, Dian Fossey embarked on a course of action that was to cost her her life.

embed V./封装，嵌入，插入/enclose; place in something. Tales of actual his­torical figures like King Alfred have become embedded in legends.

embellish V./装饰/adorn; ornament. The costume designer embellished the leading lady's ball gown with yards and yards of ribbon and lace.

embezzlement N./偷窃，侵占/stealing. The bank teller confessed his embezzlement of the funds.

embody V./具体化；包含，收录/personify; make concrete; incorporate. Cheer­ing on his rival Mark McGwire's efforts to break Roger Maris's home run record, Sammy Sosa embodied the spirit of true sportsmanship.

embrace V./拥抱；接受，包含/hug; adopt or espouse; accept readily; encir­cle; include. Clasping Maid Marian in his arms, Robin Hood embraced her lovingly. In joining the outlaws in Sherwood Forest, she had openly embraced their cause.

embroider V./镶边，绣花；添油加醋/decorate with needlework; ornament with fancy or fictitious details. For her mother's birthday, Beth embroidered a lovely design on a handkerchief. When asked what made her late getting home, Jo embroidered her account with tales of runaway horses and rescuing peo­ple from a ditch. embroidery, N.

embroil V./连累，牵连；使其混乱，麻烦缠身/throw into confusion; involve in strife; entangle. He became embroiled in the heated discussion when he tried to arbitrate the dispute.

embryonic ADJ./胚胎的；未开发的，原始的/undeveloped; rudimentary. The evil of class and race hatred must be eliminated while it is still in an embry­onic state; otherwise, it may grow to dangerous proportions. emend V.correct; correct by a critic. The critic emended the book by selecting the passages which he thought most appropriate to the text.

emendationN./改进；修订/correction of errors; improvement. Please initial all the emendations you have made in this contract.

eminent ADJ./高的/high; lofty. After his appointment to this emi­nent position, he seldom had time for his former friends.

emissary N./代理；信使，使者/agent; messenger. The secretary of state was sent as the president's special emissary to the conference on disarmament.

emollient N./缓和，安抚/soothing or softening remedy. The nurse applied an emollientto the inflamed area. alsoADJ.

empathy N./移情作用，心入/ability to identify with another's feelings, ideas, etc. What made Ann such a fine counselor was her empa­thy, her ability to put herself in her client's place and feel his emotions as if they were her own. empathize,V.

empirical ADJ./经验主义/based on experience. He distrusted hunches and intuitive flashes; he placed his reliance entirely on empirical data.

emulate V./仿效；抗衡/imitate; rival. In a brief essay, describe a person you admire, someone whose virtues you would like to emulate.

enamored ADJ./爱情的；坠入爱河的/in love. Narcissus became enamored of his own beauty.

encipher V./编码/encode; convert a message into code. One of Bond's first lessons was how to encipher the messages he sent to Miss Moneypenny so that none of his other lady friends could decipher them.

enclave N./飞地/territory enclosed within an alien land. The Vati­can is an independent enclave in Italy.

encomium N./赞美之词/high praise; eulogy. Uneasy with the encomiums expressed by his supporters, Tolkien felt unworthy of such high praise.

encompassV./包围/surround. Although we were encompassed by enemy forces, we were cheerful for we were well stocked and could withstand a siege until our allies joined us.

encroachment N./侵蚀；“和平演变”/gradual intrusion. The encroachment of the factories upon the neighborhood lowered the value of the real estate.

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