SAT阅读备考基本文学常识简介

2014-02-28 16:56:21来源：网络

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　　SAT阅读考试中，文章所涉及的领域有：社会科学、人文、自然科学或小说(每次必有一篇)，小编大家整理了SAT阅读文学的基本常识，下面就让我们来看详细的内容吧！

Irony(反语): a situation or statement in which the actual outcome or meaning is opposite to what was expected

　　Maxim(格言，座右铭): statement of a general truth

　　Metaphor(暗喻): a figure of speech in which one thing is referred to as another; for example, “my love is a fragile flower”.

　　Metonymy(借喻): a figure of speech that uses the name of an object, person, or idea to represent something with which it is associated, such as using “the crown” to refer to a monarch.

　　Mode(形式,风格): the method or form of a literary work; a manner in which a work of literature is written.

　　Mood(语气): similar to tone, mood is the primary emotional attitude of a work.

　　Myth(神话): one story in a system of narratives set in a complete imaginary world that once served to explain the origin of life, religious beliefs, and the forces of nature as supernatural occurrences.

　　Narration(记叙): the telling of a story in fiction, nonfiction, poetry, or drama; one of the four modes of discourse.

　　Naturalism(自然主义): a literary movement that grew out of realism in France, the United States, and England in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; it portrays humans as having no free will, being driven by the natural forces of heredity, environment, and animalistic urges over which they have no control.

　　Objectivity(客观性): an impersonal presentation of events and characters.

　　Order of development(论证展开方式): the way in which ideas are organized in writing an essay.

　　Chronological order(时间顺序): information arranged in time sequence.

　　Spatial order(空间顺序): information arranged according to space relationships.

　　Order of importance(重要性次序): information arranged from least important to most important, or vice versa

　　Compare and contrast(类比和对比): information arranged according to similarities and differences between two or more subjects.

　　Developmental order(先后发展顺序): information arranged so that one point leads logically to another.

　　Deductive order(演绎): information arranged from general to the specific

　　Inductive order(归纳): information arranged from specific to general.

　　Overstatement(夸张): exaggerated for humorous effect; hyperbole.

　　Oxymoron(矛盾修辞法): a figure of speech composed of contradictory words or phrases, such as “wise fool”.

　　Parable(寓言): a short tale that teaches a moral; similar to but shorter than an allegory.

　　Paradox(自相矛盾): a statement that seems to contradict itself but that turns out to have a rational meaning, as in this quotation from Henry David Thoreau: “I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.”

　　以上便是小编为大家搜集整理的SAT阅读考试文学基本常识，希望对各位考生的SAT阅读备考有所帮助。

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