SAT语法考试中改错题考点总结

2015-05-28 14:16:40来源：网络

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　　新东方在线为大家整理了SAT语法考试中改错题考点总结的相关内容，供考生们参考，以下是详细内容。

　　一. Pronoun-verb agreement

　　要注意代词和动词之间前后的，代词的作用是为了指代前面已经重复过的事物或者人，我们都知道最基本的代词包括：I, you, he ,she, it , we, they, their以及他们各自的不同形式。我们首先提到的是表示单数的代词，当它们在句子中充当主语时，谓语动词就用单数形式。

　　比如：

　　Each of the songs Imogen sang was off-key. (Was that why her knickers were in a twist?)

　　Either of the potions packs a punch.

　　Neither of the orcs packs a lunch. (But, then, neither of the orcs is a vegetarian).

　　Someone in my entourage has been nibbling my chocolates.

　　Everything is up to date in Kansas City.

　　Somebody loves Imogen; she wonders who.

　　Nobody loves the troll. (At least, no one admits to loving the troll. Everybody is much too shy.)

　　Does everyone really love Raymond?

　　值得注意的是：当两个表示单数的主语由either…or 或者是neither….nor 连接起来时谓语动词通常用的是单数，但是当主语一个是单数，另外一个是复数的时候，那么就采取就近原则，也就是说动词的形式要和离它最近的主语保持一致。这个原则同样适用于关联连词：not only….but also..,以及not…but.

　　比如：

　　Either the troll or the orcs have broken the balustrade.

　　Either the hobbits or the elf has hidden the wizard’s pipe.

　　Neither the junior witches nor the professor of herbology has come up with a cure for warts.

　　Neither Dorothy nor her three companions were happy about carrying Toto everywhere.

　　Not only the oysters but also the walrus was eager to go for a stroll.

　　Not only Berenice but also Benedick and the troll have hidden under the cloak of invisibility.

　　Oddly enough, not the carpenter but the oysters were consumed by a desire to go for a stroll.

　　Not the elves but the dwarf enjoys messing about in caves.

　　像few, many, and several 这样的单词表示复数的意义，因此谓语动词对应的形式也是复数。

　　Many are cold, but few are frozen.

　　Several are decidedly lukewarm.

　　下面就是一个关于代词谓语一致的改错题：

　　Neither (A)the President nor the members of his Cabinet

　　was (B)happy with (C)the reporter’s account of dissension

　　within (D)their ranks. No error (E)

　　在上面的句子中，出现了Neither…nor 连接的两个名词President和members of his Cabinet，这个时候要采用就近原则所以谓语动词应该是复数的形式were, 所以应该选择B选项。

　　二.Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement—代词和先行词一致

　　代词必须和它的先行词在人称，数以及性上保持一致。(先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。在定语从句中充当一定的成分。之所以称它为先行词，是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后，先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。)

　　例：

　　The munchkins welcomed Dorothy as she arrived in Munchkinland.

　　在这个句子中，先行词是Dorothy，she 是第三人称代数指代前面的Dorothy。

　　有的时候先行词是不定单数代词，比如：any, anybody, anyone, each, either, every, everybody, everyone, neither, nobody, no one, somebody, someone 时，那么这个时候的代词就应该用第三人称单数的形式。

　　例：

　　Neither of the twins is wearing his propeller beanie.

　　Each of the bronco-busters was assigned his or her own horse.

　　Anybody with any sense would refrain from serenading his inamorata on television.

　　但先行词是由and连接的两个或者两个以上的名词或者代词，那么代词就用复数形式。

　　例：

　　The walrus and the carpenter relished their outing with the oysters.

　　The walrus always takes salt in his tea.

　　Christopher Robin and I always have honey in ours.

　　You and your nasty little dog will get yours someday!

　　例题：

　　Admirers of the vocal ensemble Chanticleer