SAT语法模拟练习:保护美国

SAT语法大全(附答案)

　　Preserving America

　　In the late nineteenth century, unchecked vandalism and plundering of ethnic artifacts brought many Native

　　American ruins and cultural sites to the brink of permanent destruction. 1 President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to

　　preserve these invaluable locations. He signed the American Antiquities Act on June 8, 1906. A sweeping piece of

　　legislation, the act granted unprecedented and nearly unrestricted presidential authority to circumvent Congressional

　　approval and protect public land deemed to be of historic, scientific, or cultural significance with a “National

　　Monument” designation and accompanying federal management. According to many historians, the Antiquities

　　Act 2 have been one of the most important steps taken toward preserving cultural artifacts and sites. The act also,

　　however, posed some serious problems, which should not be forgotten.

　　It's true that the act was groundbreaking public policy 3 legislation, it created the first legal protection for any cultural

　　or natural resources in the United States, indicating a significant shift in the treatment of American heritage sites.

　　Devils Tower, a geologic feature in Wyoming and a sacred site for the Lakota and numerous other Native American

　　tribes, was Roosevelt’s first designated monument, and seventeen more 4 have followed before 1909. 5 With this in

　　mind, places such as Chaco Canyon, situated in New Mexico, also came under the purview of the federal

　　government. The valley contains stunning examples of ancient Puebloan engineering and architectural 6 feats:

　　multi-level houses, massive stone buildings, water control systems, and communication devices. 7 The Antiquities

　　Act forever protected these sites, and others, as educational centers for everyone and as sacred locations for native

　　cultures.

　　8 After the act’s passage, permits for any archaeological work were required, with the stipulation that all collected

　　artifacts would be publicly displayed for all to enjoy. In the eyes of many Native Americans, the expeditious process

　　of preserving land under the Act enabled federally sanctioned pillaging of ancestral sites, a revocation of their tribal

　　rights and sovereignty, and widespread cultural imperialism. Joe E. Watkins, who is a Choctaw Indian and an archaeologist, believes that, in part, the act was “a continuation of government policies that were aimed at erasing

　　the image of the contemporary American Indian from the landscape...” More recent legislation, particularly the Native

　　American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (1990), 9 has been passed by the government to remedy the

　　government’s past malfeasance by returning funerary objects, cultural items, and remains to tribes. The government

　　is continuing to work with Native groups to strengthen protective laws.

　　Even with its shortcomings, 10 the continued preservation of invaluable locales was made possible by the Antiquities

　　Act of 1906. Supporters maintain that it broadened public interest in Native American heritage and prevented the

　　complete destruction of ancient sites. 11

　　1 Which choice most effectively combines the underlined sentences?

　　A. To preserve these invaluable locations, President Theodore Roosevelt signed the American Antiquities Act on

　　June 8, 1906.

　　B. To preserve these invaluable places, on June 8, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt signed the American

　　Antiquities Act which protected the locations.

　　C. It was June 8, 1906, when President Theodore Roosevelt signed the American Antiquities Act because he

　　wanted to protect these invaluable locations.

　　D. Signing the American Antiquities Act on June 9, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to preserve these

　　invaluable locations with the act.

　　2

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. are

　　C. were

　　D. was

　　3

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. legislation: it created

　　C. legislation; creating

　　D. legislation—and creating

　　4

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. followed

　　C. will follow

　　D. follow

　　5

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. As a result of the act,

　　C. In contrast,

　　D. For this reason,

　　6

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. feats: multi-level houses massive stone buildings

　　C. feats; multi-level houses, massive stone buildings,

　　D. feats: multi-level houses; massive stone buildings;

　　7 At this point, the writer wants to provide another example of cultural artifacts preserved by the Antiquities Act.

　　Which choice best accomplishes this goal?

　　A. Tonto National Monument in Arizona preserved the exquisite textiles, polychrome pottery, and cliff dwellings created from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries by the Salado culture.

　　B. The establishment of Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona protected the 225 million year old fossils of fallen

　　trees, ferns, giant reptiles, large amphibians, and early dinosaurs.

　　C. Muir Woods, located just north of San Francisco, California, preserved 240 acres of old growth Coast Redwood

　　forests, one of the few remaining areas containing such incredible ecological features and bio-diversity.

　　D. Chaco Canyon was also designated an International Dark Sky Park in 2013, preserving its natural darkness for

　　perfect stargazing conditions and committing the park to the further reduction of light pollution.

　　8 Which choice most effectively establishes the central claim of the ensuing paragraph?

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. The act's presumption that certain Native American artifacts and sacred sites would be safer under the purview

　　of the federal government raised—and continues to raise—strong objections.

　　C. Unlike the process of establishing a National Park, this process granted the president nearly unchecked

　　authority to preserve land as a National Monument—eliminating the need for Congressional or any other

　　approval.

　　D. Preserving prehistoric artifacts, primarily from Native American cultures, was the central focus of the legislation,

　　so the government seized control of all excavations on protected land.

　　9

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. attempted to remedy past governmental malfeasance by returning federally owned funerary objects, cultural

　　items, and remains to tribes.

　　C. required the federal government to begin the process of returning federally owned Native American funerary

　　objects, cultural items, and remains to tribes in order to remedy the government’s past malfeasance.

　　D. dictated the government return Native Americans’ funerary objects, cultural items, and remains that the government possesses to remedy past governmental malfeasance.

　　10

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. the Antiquities Act of 1906 made the continued preservation of invaluable locales possible.

　　C. invaluable locales were saved from destruction and their continued preservation was made possible.

　　D. the destruction of invaluable locales was prevented with the Antiquities Act of 1906, and it ensured continued

　　preservation of such sites.

　　11 The writer wants a conclusion that asserts the main argument of the passage. Which choice best accomplishes

　　this goal?

　　A. Further vandalism and pillaging of ethnic artifacts was prevented by the Archaeological Resources Protection

　　Act, so future generations could enjoy Chaco Canyon.

　　B. The Antiquities Act was responsible for granting the president of the United States never-before-seen levels of

　　power.

　　C. With the Antiquities Act, Theodore Roosevelt solidified his legacy as a leading conservationist and paved the

　　way for future presidents.

　　D. While the Antiquities Act has helped preserve invaluable cultural heritage for generations to come, the

　　complications inherent in this legislation, though, need also to be acknowledged.

　　ADBBB AABBB D

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