SAT词汇题例题解析

2018-11-27 19:26:00来源：网络

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　　例8 As used in line 53, “dominion” most nearly means

　　A. omnipotence

　　B. supremacy

　　C. ownership

　　D. territory

　　Mankind have outgrown this state, and all things now tend to substitute, as the general principle of human relations, a just equality, instead of the dominion of the strongest. (2016-10-U.S.)

　　句子的主干是all things now tend to substitute a just equality, instead of the dominion of the strongest。

　　通过instead of “而不是”可知前后两个部分应该相反，所以前面是equality，instead of 后应该是equality的反义词，所以B选项“霸权”合适。这道题是一道典型的通过语言结构判断的题目，在过去的SAT里，阅读部分经常会这么考查词汇。

　　例9 As used in line 33, “figure” most nearly means

　　A. symbol

　　B. number

　　C. level

　　D. structure

　　As a consequence, the downsides of economic growth and modernization ought to be accounted for whilst retaining the benefits of the GDP, namely a single figure that captures different entities and is comparable across nations. (Khan –social science)

　　通过整个句子我们得知，figure指的就是GDP，那么GDP就是一个简单的数字，所以应该是B。考查名词的很多时候要知道名词指的是什么从而来判断。

　　例10 As used in line 63, “awful” most nearly means

　　A. distressing

　　B. disgusting

　　C. shocking

　　D. appalling

　　This was so awful that Fenella quickly turned her back on hem, swallowed once, twice, and frowned terribly at a little green star on a mast head. But she had to turn round again; her father was going. (Khan –literature)

　　so awful that，如此…以至于…。这个结构告诉我们that后面所叙述的都是为了体现这个形容词的，所以看整个后面的句子推出Fenella非常苦恼，不开心(swallow，frown)，所以应该是A。

　　例11 As used in line 8, “prominent” most nearly means

　　A. pronounced

　　B. remarkable

　　C. recognized

　　D. projecting

　　This is the most prominent yardstick that the media, politicians and the public consider when they try to assess how a country is performing. (Khan –social science)

　　此题也是一个解释的结构，that后同样解释prominent这个形容词，说媒体，政治家和公众都认为…，所以应该选C，recognized“公认的”。

　　解题方法3：看逻辑(context是一个段落，甚至整篇文章)，适用在考形容词时。

　　极个别的题目需要考虑段落甚至整篇文章的context，这种题目显然就非常难了，我们来看一道例题。

　　例12 As used in line 29, “mischievous” most nearly means

　　A. disobedient

　　B. spirited

　　C. spiteful

　　D. damaging

　　But it is nevertheless a maxim well established by experience, and generally acknowledged, where there has been sufficient experience, that the aggregate prosperity of manufactures, and the aggregate prosperity of Agriculture are intimately connected.

　　In the Course of the discussion which has had place, various weighty considerations have been adduced operating in support of that maxim.

　　Perhaps the superior steadiness of the demand of a domestic market for the surplus produce of the soil, is alone a convincing argument of its truth.

　　Ideas of a contrariety of interests between the Northern and Southern regions of the Union, are in the Main as unfounded as they are mischievous. (Khan –history)

　　这道题会做的同学完全可以用排除法，mischievous形容的是idea，所以只有D最合适。这是最简单的做法，因为选项没有出的特别难辨别。

　　深一步推，也可以用结构as unfounded as they are mischievous，即…又…，所以可以判断两个都是负向的词。再深一步，idea其实是作者的反面观点，而上一段中写出了作者的central claim，即the aggregate prosperity of manufactures, and the aggregate prosperity of Agriculture are intimately connected. 也就是说两个产业的繁荣是密不可分的，所以两个产业如果对立，显然就不能达到繁荣，所以应该选damaging，damage nation building，破坏经济繁荣。

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