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SAT2物理词汇术语整理6

2019-09-30 16:26:58来源:网络

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  The following list defines all of the bold-faced words you encountered as you read this book.

  C

  Concave mirror

  A mirror that is curved such that its center is farther from the viewer than the edges, such as the front of a spoon. Concave mirrors reflect light through a focal point.

  Conduction

  Heat transfer by molecular collisions.

  Conservation of Angular Momentum

  If the net torque acting on a rigid body is zero, then the angular momentum of the body is constant or conserved.

  Conservation of momentum

  The principle stating that for any isolated system, linear momentum is constant with time.

  Constant of proportionality

  A constant in the numerator of a formula.

  Constructive interference

  The amplification of one wave by another, identical wave of the same sign. Two constructively interfering waves are said to be “in phase.”

  Convection

  Heat transfer via the mass movement of molecules.

  Convex lens

  Also called a converging lens, a lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges. Convex lenses refract light through a focal point.

  Convex mirror

  A mirror that is curved such that its center is closer to the viewer than the edges, such as a doorknob. Convex mirrors reflect light away from a focal point.

  Cosine

  The cosine of an angle in a right triangle is equal to the length of the side adjacent to the angle divided by the length of the hypotenuse.

  Crest

  The points of maximum displacement along a wave. In traveling waves, the crests move in the direction of propagation of the wave. The crests of standing waves, also called anti-nodes, remain in one place.

  Critical angle

  For two given media, the smallest angle of incidence at which total internal reflection occurs.

  Cross product

  A form of vector multiplication, where two vectors are multiplied to produce a third vector. The cross product of two vectors, A and B, separated by an angle, , is , where is a unit vector perpendicular to both A and B. To deine which direction points, you must use the right-hand rule.

  Cycle

  In oscillation, a cycle occurs when an object undergoing oscillatory motion completes a “round-trip.” For instance, a pendulum bob released at angle has completed one cycle when it swings to and then back to again. In period motion, a cycle is the sequence through which a system once during each oscil-lation. A cycle can consist of one trip up and down for a piece of stretched string, or of a compression followed by a rarefaction of air pressure for sound waves.

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