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SAT2物理词汇术语整理7

2019-09-30 16:27:17来源:网络

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  The following list defines all of the bold-faced words you encountered as you read this book.

  D

  De Broglie wavelength

  A wavelength, given by = h/mv, which is associated with matter. Louis de Broglie proposed the idea that matter could be treated as waves in 1923 and applied this theory successfully to small particles like electrons.

  Decay constant

  A constant, , not to be confused with wavelength, that defines the speed at which a radioactive element undergoes decay. The greater is, the faster the element decays.

  Decibel

  A logorithmic unit for measuring the volume of sound, which is the square of the amplitude of sound waves.

  Deposition

  The process by which a gas turns directly into a solid because it cannot exist as a liquid at certain pressures.

  Destructive interference

  The cancellation of one wave by another wave that is exactly out of phase with the first. Despite the dramatic name of this phenomenon, nothing is “destroyed” by this interference—the two waves emerge intact once they have passed each other.

  Diffraction

  The bending of light at the corners of objects or as it passes through narrow slits or apertures.

  Diffraction grating

  A sheet, film, or screen with a pattern of equally spaced slits. Typically the width of the slits and space between them is chosen to generate a particular diffraction pattern.

  Direction

  The property of a vector that distinguishes it from a scalar: while scalars have only a magnitude, vectors have both a magnitude and a direction. When graphing vectors in the xy-coordinate space, direction is usually given by the angle measured counterclockwise from the x-axis to the vector.

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