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SAT2物理词汇术语整理17

2019-10-02 22:14:02来源:网络

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  The following list defines all of the bold-faced words you encountered as you read this book.

  M

  Medium

  The substance that is displaced as a wave propagates through it. Air is the medium for sound waves, the string is the medium of transverse waves on a string, and water is the medium for ocean waves. Note that even if the waves in a given medium travel great distances, the medium itself remains more or less in the same place.

  Melting point

  The temperature at which a material will change phase from solid to liquid or liquid to solid.

  Meson

  A class of elementary particle whose mass is between that of a proton and that of an electron. A common kind of meson is the pion.

  Michelson-Morley experiment

  An experiment in 1879 that showed that the speed of light is constant to all observers. Einstein used the results of this experiment as support for his theory of special relativity.

  Minima

  In an interference or diffraction pattern, the places where there is the least light.

  Mole

  The number of hydrogen atoms in one gram of hydrogen, equal to . When counting the number of molecules in a gas, it is often convenient to count them in moles.

  Moment of inertia

  A rigid body’s resistance to being rotated. The moment of inertia for a single particle is MR2, where M is the mass of the rigid body and R is the distance to the rotation axis. For rigid bodies, calculating the moment of inertia is more complicated, but it generally takes the form of a constant multiplied by MR2.

  Momentum

  Linear momentum, p, commonly called “momentum” for short, is a vector quantity defined as the product of an object’s mass, m, and its velocity, v.

  Motional emf

  The emf created by the motion of a charge through a magnetic field.

  Mutual Induction

  The property by which a changing current in one coil of wire induces an emf in another.

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