实例解析：SAT阅读中的修辞手段

2013-10-16 17:51:33来源：互联网

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　　例三：Passage 2 (line 46-56)

　　Doctors, architects, executives, consultants, receptionists, and lawyers all manage to survive economically without "owning" their cognition. I take further comfort in the fact that the human species managed to produce pretty decent creative work during the 5,000 years that preceded 1710, when the Statute of Anne, the world’s first modem copyright law, passed the British parliament. Sophocles, Dante, da Vinci, Botticelli, Michelangelo, Shakespeare, Newton, Cervantes, Bach-- all found reasons to get out of bed in the morning without expecting to own the works they created.

　　15. The use of the phrase "pretty decent" in Passage 2 (line 50) conveys

　　(A) solemn detachment

　　(B) cheerful celebration

　　(D) lingering doubt

　　(E) reluctant approval

　　讲解：此题难度较大，是使很多考生很困惑的一道修辞手段题。原文作者想要告诉读者：在世界上第一部知识产权法到来之前的几千年历史长河中，人类也创造了“还不错的”艺术作品。很显然，文章结尾的那些伟大艺术家的名字使我们立刻了解到作者所谓的“还不错的”艺术作品并不是他字面的意思。他实际上是运用了一种轻描淡写的方式使自己的语言更具说服力。而这种轻描淡写的方式就是C项中的IRONIC UNDERSTATEMENT.

　　例四：line 75-82

　　Uncle: Take care! take care! (warning her with voice and hand that trembled alike.)

　　Niece: Why? What shadow of power have you over me? Why should I fear you?

　　Uncle: Take care, madam!

　　Niece: Scrupulous care I will take, Mr. Sympson. Before I marry, I am resolved to esteem--to admire—to love.

　　14. In lines 80-82 ("Scrupulous...love"), Miss Keeldar deflects the warning from Mr. Sympson by

　　(A) deliberately misunderstanding his meaning

　　(B) scornfully turning the blame back on him

　　(D) lamenting his failure to sympathize with her

　　(E) justifying her previously sensible behavior

　　讲解：这是一道很是隐晦的修辞手段题。全文就是一个女孩和自己的监护人争吵得过程。他们的矛盾焦点就是这个女孩子是否要嫁给一个自己不喜欢的男孩子的问题。到了第80行左右，两个人的争论已经到了白热化。监护人警告女孩：“你给我小心点儿!”但是女孩儿却十分聪明的把CARE这个词理解成“照顾”。所以她说“我会小心谨慎的照顾自己的!”很显然，女孩儿时故意错误的理解监护人的意思使其更加生气。CARE这个词的运用其实就是我们修辞手段中的双关语。因此答案是A项。

　　通过上述的几道真题的讲解我想大家对SAT阅读中的新增题型---修辞手段题有了更近一步的了解。其实，只要我们在考试之前对各种修辞手段有所了解就不会在考试的时候出现无故失分现象。下面我就把几种重要的修辞手段进行总结，希望能够对备考的SAT考生有所帮助。

　　Understatement：低调的陈述

　　定义：A figure of speech which contains an understatement of emphasis, and therefore the opposite of hyperbole. Often used in everyday speech and usually with laconic or ironic intentions.

　　这种修辞格是故意使用有节制的措辞来陈述事实，故意轻描淡写，借低调与弱化语言形式来表示强调。

　　例子：1.I know he is honest, and I wish I could add he were capable.

　　我知道他是诚实的，我还希望我能说他是能干的。

　　此句也是用虚拟语气来体现understatement，I could add he were capable其实是在说“但他不够能干”。

　　面孔不算难看，有一般人所称的妩媚。

　　此句不是冲淡她的魅力，而是采用低调渲染，意即The face was sweet; her charm conquered everybody. 明似贬抑，实则褒扬.

　　simile:明喻

　　定义：A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared.

　　明喻是一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.

　　例子：1.He is something of a political chameleon.他有点象政治上的变色龙

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