sat阅读长难句的盘点

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　　★★★ TOP 10超经典长难句

　　【1】In an increasingly noisy cultural scene, with many voices competing for attention, one feels—perhaps incorrectly but none the less insistently—the need to make one's own small stir, however pathetic.

　　难句类型：

　　复杂修饰+插入语

　　词语解释：

　　stir n.骚乱, 感动(激动,愤怒或震动), 搅拌

　　pathetic a.差劲的;可怜的，可悲的

　　insistently adv. 坚持地

　　语法分析：

　　In an increasingly noisy cultural scene(状语), with many voices competing for attention(伴随状语), one(主语)feels(谓语)— perhaps incorrectly but nonetheless insistently(插入语)—the need(宾语)to make one's own small stir, however pathetic(宾补).

　　参考译文：

　　在文化背景浮躁喧腾、百家争鸣的情况下，人们会一再感受到(尽管可能是错误的感受)：自己需要引起别人的注意，哪怕很不起眼。

　　【2】Isolated from light, warmed only from below, starved of nutrients, the life-forms of Vostok could teach scientists how life might persist in Europa's frigid climate. where temperatures average minus 250 degrees Fahrenheit.

　　难句类型：

　　并列成分

　　词语解释：

　　Vostok n. [地名][基里巴斯] 东方号岛

　　frigid a.寒冷的

　　nutrient n.营养品，滋养物

　　Fahrenheit n.华氏温度计

　　语法分析：

　　Isolated from light, warmed only from below, starved of nutrients(状语), the life-forms ofVostok(主语)could teach(谓语) scientists(宾语) how life might persist in Europa's frigid climate(宾从)，where temperatures average minus 250 degrees Fahrenheit(状语).

　　参考译文：

　　东方号岛上的生物缺乏营养物质，温度和光照，这告诉科学家：在欧洲严寒的气候里，气温低到华氏零下 250 度的时候，生命如何坚持。

　　【3】The enemy of artists like Magritte is na?ve realism—the dogged assumption that the human sensory apparatus accurately records the one and only real world, of which the human brain can make but one accurate model.

　　难句类型：

　　同位语

　　词语解释：

　　naive a. 天真的;轻信的

　　apparatus n.器械，器具

　　语法分析：

　　The enemy of artists(主语)like Magritte(定语)is(谓语)na?ve realism—the dogged assumption(同位语) [that the human sensory apparatus(主语) accurately records(谓语) the one and only real world(宾语), (of which the human brain(主语) can make(谓语) but one accurate model(补语)).]

　　参考译文：

　　单纯的现实主义者站在像马格利特这样的艺术家的对立面，他们固执地认为人的感官能够精确地反映唯一的现实世界，人脑就是这其中一个准确的例子。

　　【4】Such an interpretation is widely taught to college students, but if it is true, Magritte went to an awful lot of trouble—carefully selecting a dress-finish pipe of particularly elegant design, making dozens of sketches of it, taking it apart to familiarize himself with its anatomy, then painting its portrait with great care and skill—just to tell us something we already knew.

　　难句类型：

　　复杂修饰+并列成分

　　词语解释：

　　Rene Magritte n. 雷内·马格利特(1898-1967,比利时超现实主义画家)

　　lot n. 命运

　　finish n. 后精细加工

　　sketch n. 速写

　　anatomy n.解剖，分析

　　语法分析：

　　Such an interpretation(主语) is widely taught to(谓语) college students(宾语), but if it is true(插入语), Magritte(主语) went to(谓语) an awful lot of trouble(宾语)—carefully selecting address - finish pipe of particularly elegant design, making dozens of sketches of it, taking it apart to familiarize himself with its anatomy，then painting its portrait with great care and skill(状语)—just to tell us something we already knew(目的状语).

　　参考译文：

　　艺术教师们往往如此解释马格利特这么做的意义;但如果真是这样，那马格利特实在是太费周折地把我们原本知道的事情复述了一遍——他精心挑选一种设计精巧的烟斗，制作了大量的烟斗速写画，把它分解了以使自己熟悉它的构造，然后非常认真地运用技巧画它的结构图。

　　【5】Not without purpose had he come down to Yorkshire：his mission was clear, and he intended to discharge it conscientiously: he anxiously desired to have his niece married; to make for her a suitable match; give her in charge to a proper husband, and wash his hands of her forever.

　　难句类型：

　　倒装+复杂修饰

　　词语解释：

　　discharge v.排出, 释放, 放电,解除, 清偿债务

　　Was hone's hands of v. 洗手不干, 不过问

　　语法分析：

　　Not without purpose(状语) had(谓语) he(主语) come down to(谓语) Yorkshire(宾语): his mission was clear(主系表结构), and he(主语) intended to discharge(谓语) it(宾语) conscientiously(状语): he(主语) anxiously(状语) desired to have(谓语) his niece married(宾语); to make for(谓语) her a suitable match(宾语); give(谓语) her in charge to a proper husband(宾语), and wash(谓语) his hands of her(宾语) forever(状语).

　　参考译文：

　　他来约克郡不是没有目的：他有明确的使命，本打算本着负责的态度完成：他急切地渴望能给侄女找到合适的对象，嫁给一个门当户对的丈夫，自己可以从此不再管她。

　　【6】Lewis’ hand took a pencil and marked out a small strong X in a place where some of the green bled away and the paper changed with high ground, and began to work down stream, northeast to southwest through the printed woods.

　　难句类型：

　　并列

　　词语解释：

　　bleed away 渐渐消失

　　downstream a.& ad.下流的，顺流的

　　up stream adv. 向上游, 逆流地

　　语法分析：

　　Lewis’ hand(主语) took(谓语) a pencil(宾语) and marked out(谓语) a small strong X(宾语) in a place (where some of the green bled away and the paper changed with high ground)(定语从句), and began to work(谓语) down stream(状语), northeast to southwest through the printed woods(状语).

　　参考译文：

　　刘易斯手拿铅笔，在纸上画了一个粗粗的小“X”，那里绿色部分褪去，露出一块高地。他由东北到西南经过一片描绘好的森林，开始顺流而下。

　　【7】Walking by the city's newer buildings, the pedestrian is now as likely to be ambushed by a car sliding from some underground garage as to be visually assaulted by gap-toothed parking lots and eerie garage facades.

　　难句类型：

　　复杂修饰 + 幽默语气

　　词语解释：

　　Ambush v.埋伏, 伏击

　　assault vt.袭击,突袭

　　gap-toothed adj. 牙齿间隙大的

　　lot n. 场地

　　eerie adj. 怪诞的, 可怕的

　　facade n.建筑物的正面，外表

　　语法分析：

　　Walking by the city's newer buildings(状语), the pedestrian(主语) is now as likely to be ambushed by(谓语) a car(宾语) sliding from some underground garage(定语)，as to be visually assaulted(谓语) by gap-toothed parking lots and eerie garage facades(宾语).

　　参考译文：

　　沿着城市较新的建筑物漫步，行人现在有可能被一辆从地下车库冲出的车袭击，他也同样有可能在视觉上受到密集的停车场和奇怪的车库形状的冲击。

　　【8】The lawyer thinks, as I think, that the whole story ought, in the interests of truth, to be placed on record in writing—and the sooner the better.

　　难句类型：

　　插入语

　　词语解释：

　　in the interests of 为了…(的利益)

　　语法分析：

　　The lawyer(主语) thinks(谓语), as I think(插入语), that the whole story(主语) ought(谓语),(in the interests of truth)to be placed on record in writing(宾语)—and the sooner the better(状语).

　　参考译文：

　　律师和我认为的一样，出于对事实真相的尊重，应该用书面记录整个故事，越快越好。

　　【9】These parents also read to their children, give them books for presents, talk to them about books, and underwrite, with their taxes, a public library system that is open all day, every day.

　　难句类型：

　　复杂修饰+并列

　　词语解释：

　　Underwrite 同意资助(某事业)

　　语法分析：

　　These parents(主语) also read to(谓语) their children(宾语), give(谓语) them books(直接宾语) for presents(间接宾语), talk(谓语) to them about books(介词短语), and underwrite with their taxes(介词短语), a public library system(宾语) that is open(系表结构) all day, every day(时间状语).

　　参考译文：

　　这些父母给自己的孩子读书，送给他们书籍当礼物，和他们谈论书，并且用他们的税收资助了一个公共图书馆系统，整天开放，每天都开放。

　　【10】It was no accident that nineteenth-century naturalist Charles Darwin strove to connectthe mentality and emotionality of people with that of dogs, rather than, say,doves or horses.

　　难句类型：

　　复杂修饰+插入语

　　词语解释：

　　Naturalist n.博物学家

　　语法分析：

　　It(形式主语) was(谓语) no accident(宾语) that(引导词) nineteenth-century naturalist Charles Darwin(主语) strove to connect(谓语) the mentality and emotionality(宾语) of people(介词短语) with that of dogs(介词短语), rather than()插入语, say, doves or horses(宾语).

　　参考译文：

　　19 世纪的博物学家查尔斯·达尔文力图把人类的思想状况和情感与狗联系起来，而不是和比如鸽子或者马联系起来，这不是偶然。

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