AP美国历史词汇（七）

　　新东方在线AP为大家整理了AP宏观经济学词汇、AP化学词汇合集等内容，今天带来的是AP美国历史词汇(七)相关内容，希望对大家AP考试有所帮助!

关注微信公众号，回复【留学】，领取全部资料

　　AP美国历史词汇(七)

　　Bland-Allison Act

　　(1878)

　　布兰德·艾莉森法案

　　The Bland–Allison Act, also referred to as the Grand Bland Plan of 1878,was an act of United States Congress requiring the U.S. Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver and put it into circulation as silver dollars. Though the bill was vetoed by President Rutherford B. Hayes, the Congress overrode Hayes' veto on February 23, 1878 to enact the law.

　　Billion-Dollar

　　Congress

　　十亿美元国会

　　The Fifty-first United States Congress, referred to by some critics as the Billion Dollar Congress, was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. This marked the first time since the 43rd United States Congress that both chambers were controlled by the president's party.

　　McKinley Tariff

　　(1890)

　　麦金利关税

　　An act of the United States Congress framed by Representative William McKinley that became law on October 1, 1890. The tariff raised the average duty on imports to almost fifty percent, an act designed to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

　　Sherman Silver

　　Purchase Act (1890)

　　谢尔曼购银法案

　　A United States federal law enacted on July 14, 1890.The measure did not authorize the free and unlimited coinage of silver that the Free Silver supporters wanted; however, it increased the amount of silver the government was required to purchase on a recurrent monthly basis to 4.5 million ounces.

　　Populist (People’s)

　　Party

　　平民党

　　A former political party in the United States; formed in 1891 to advocate currency expansion and state control of railroads.

　　Omaha Platform

　　奥马哈平台

　　The Omaha Platform was the party program adopted at the formative convention of the Populist (or People's) Party held in Omaha, Nebraska on July 4, 1892.

　　Panic of 1893

　　1893 年恐慌

　　The panic of 1893 was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in 1893. Similar to the panic of 1873, it was marked by the overbuilding and shaky financing of railroads, resulting in a series of bank failures. Compounding market overbuilding and the railroad bubble was a run on the gold supply. The panic of '93 was the worst economic depression the United States had ever experienced at the time.

　　Coxey’s Army

　　科克西失业请愿军

　　Coxey's Army was a protest march by unemployed workers from the United States, led by Ohio businessman Jacob Coxey.

　　free silver

　　自由铸造银币

　　Free silver was a major United States policy issue in the late 19th century. Its advocates were in favor of an inflationary monetary policy using the "free coinage of silver" as opposed to the less inflationary gold standard; its supporters were called "Silverites".

　　Dingley Tariff

　　(1897)

　　丁利关税法

　　Introduced by U.S. Representative Nelson Dingley, Jr., of Maine, raised tariffs in United States to counteract the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act of 1894, which had lowered rates.

　　New Imperialism

　　新帝国主义

　　The New Imperialism (sometimes Neoimperialism or Neo-imperialism) was a period colonial expansion—and its accompanying ideologies—by the European powers, the United States and the Empire of Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By some accounts, it began as early as 1830, and may have lasted until the Second World War (1939–45).

　　Pan-American

　　Conference (1889)

　　泛美会议

　　The Conferences of American States, commonly referred to as the Pan-American Conferences, were meetings of the Pan-American Union, an international organization for cooperation on trade. James G. Blaine, a United States politician, Secretary of State and presidential contender, first proposed establishment of closer ties between the United States and its southern neighbors, and proposed international conference.

　　James Blaine

　　詹姆斯布莱恩

　　An American statesman and Republican politician who represented Maine in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1869 to 1875, and then in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881.

　　jingoism

　　沙文主义

　　Jingoism is patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy. Jingoism also refers to a country's advocacy for the use of threats or actual force, as opposed to peaceful relations, in efforts to safeguard what it perceives as its national interests.

　　yellow journalism

　　黄色新闻

　　Yellow journalism, or the yellow press, is a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell more newspapers. Techniques may include exaggerations of news events, scandal-mongering, or sensationalism. By extension, the term yellow journalism is used today as a pejorative to decry any journalism that treats news in an unprofessional or unethical fashion.

　　Spanish-American

　　War

　　美西战争

　　A conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, the result of American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.

　　De Lome Letter

　　德洛莫信件

　　Written by Señor Don Enrique Dupuy de Lôme, the Spanish Ambassador to the United States, to Don JoséCanalejas, the Foreign Minister of Spain, reveals de Lôme’s opinion about the Spanish involvement in Cuba and US President McKinley’s diplomacy.

　　Teller Amendment

　　泰勒修正案

　　The Teller Amendment was an amendment to a joint resolution of the United States Congress, enacted on April 20, 1898, in reply to President William McKinley's War Message. It placed a condition on the United States military's presence in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave "control of the island to its people."

　　Rough Riders

　　狂野骑士

　　The Rough Riders is the name bestowed on the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, one of three such regiments raised in 1898 for the Spanish-American War and the only one of the three to see action.

　　Philippine

　　Annexation

　　菲律宾吞并

　　an armed conflict between the First Philippine Republic and the United States that lasted from February 4, 1899, to July 2, 1902. While Filipino nationalists viewed the conflict as a continuation of the struggle for independence that began in 1896 with the Philippine Revolution, the U.S. government regarded it as an insurrection. The conflict arose when the First Philippine Republic objected to the terms of the Treaty of Paris under which the United States took possession of the Philippines from Spain, ending the short Spanish–American War.

　　Emilio Aguinaldo

　　亚昆诺杜

　　Officially recognized as the First President of the Philippines (1899-1901) and led Philippine forces first against Spain in the latter part of the Philippine Revolution (1896-1897), and then in the Spanish-American War (1898), and finally against the United States during the Philippine-American War (1899-1901).

　　Anti-Imperialist

　　League

　　反帝国主义联盟

　　The American Anti-Imperialist League was an organization established on June 15, 1898, to battle the American annexation of the Philippines as an insular area. The anti-imperialists opposed expansion, believing that imperialism violated the fundamental principle that just republican government must derive from "consent of the governed."

　　Insular Cases

　　岛屿诉讼案

　　The Insular Cases are a series of opinions by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1901 about the status of U.S. territories acquired in the Spanish–American War. The Supreme Court held that full constitutional rights do not automatically (or ex proprio vigore—i.e., of its own force) extend to all places under American control.

　　Platt Amendment

　　(1901)

　　普拉特修正案

　　On March 2, 1901, the Platt Amendment passed which amended the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish-American War. It defined the terms of Cuban-U.S. relations to essentially be an unequal one of U.S. dominance over Cuba. On June 12, 1901, Cuba amended its constitution to contain the text of the Platt Amendment.

　　spheres of influence

　　势力范围

　　In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence (SOI) is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity, accommodating to the interests of powers outside the borders of the state that controls it.

　　Open Door Policy

　　门户开放政策

　　The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy in the late 19th century and 20th century outlined in Secretary of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dispatched in 1899 to his European counterparts. The policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis; thus, no international power would have total control of the country.

　　xenophobia

　　排外情绪 Strong and unreasonable dislike or fear of people from other countries.

　　Boxer Rebellion

　　义和团运动

　　The Boxer Rebellion, Boxer Uprising or Yihetuan Movement was an anti-imperialist uprising which took place in China towards the end of the Qing dynasty between 1898 and 1900. It was initiated by the Militia United in Righteousness (Yihetuan), known in English as the "Boxers," and was motivated by proto-nationalist sentiments and opposition to foreign imperialism and associated Christian missionary activity.

　　Big Stick Policy

　　大棒政策

　　Big Stick Policy refers to U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy: "speak softly, and carry a big stick." Roosevelt described his style of foreign policy as "the exercise of intelligent forethought and of decisive action sufficiently far in advance of any likely crisis".

　　Hay-Pauncefote

　　Treaty (1901)

　　海-庞斯富特条约

　　The Hay–Pauncefote Treaty is a treaty signed by the United States and the United Kingdom on 18 November 1901, as a preliminary to the creation of the Panama Canal. The Treaty nullified the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty of 1850 and gave the United States the right to create and control a canal across the Central American isthmus to connect the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.

　　George Goethals

　　乔治戈索尔思将军

　　A United States Army officer and civil engineer, best known for his administration and supervision of the construction and the opening of the Panama Canal.

　　Roosevelt Corollary

　　罗斯福推论

　　The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03. The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly.

　　Russo-Japanese War

　　日俄战争

　　A war (1904–05) between Russia and Japan, caused largely by rivalry over Korea and Manchuria. Russia suffered a series of major defeats.

　　Treaty of

　　Portsmouth (1905)

　　朴茨茅斯和约

　　The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations lasting from August 6 to August 30, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, in the United States. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was instrumental in the negotiations, and won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts.

　　gentlemen’s

　　agreement

　　君子协定

　　A gentlemen's agreement (or gentleman's agreement) is an informal and legally non-binding agreement between two or more parties. It is typically oral, though it may be written, or simply understood as part of an unspoken agreement by convention or through mutually beneficial etiquette.

　　Great White Fleet

　　白色舰队

　　The Great White Fleet was the popular nickname for the United States Navy battle fleet that completed a circumnavigation of the globe from 16 December 1907 to 22 February 1909 by order of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt. It consisted of 16 battleships divided into two squadrons, along with various escorts.

　　你是否还想知道

　　AP各科目词汇完整版【合集】

SAT水平能力测试【0元免费测试】