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【托福写作机经】2025年7月12日上午场托福考试回忆

2025-07-14 16:29:51来源：网络

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　　2025年7月12日的托福考试已经成为回忆，新东方在线SAT考试网为大家整理了此次考试的托福写作机经，让我们一起来回顾和分析这次的写作考查内容。

托福写作机经

第一套

　　综合写作生物理论重复2017.10.28/ 2022.5.29/ 2025.3.1

阅读	听力
主题：animals play
The first theory is called the surplus energy theory. This theory maintains that some animals, mammals for example, are so efficient at using energy that they often do not manage to spend all the energy they receive through food. They end up with unused, surplus energy that they cannot store. According to this theory, animals have to play to get rid of the surplus energy that they have not used.	第一种理论，剩余能量理论，这一理论与对海豹等海洋哺乳动物的观察相矛盾。小海豹有时不得不独自生存几天，等待它们的母亲从远处带来食物。在这段时间里，小海豹没有能量摄入。随着时间的流逝，它们储存的能量已经所剩无几了。当然没有多余的能量。然而，他们仍然在玩，即使他们没有多余的精力。
second theory is called the instinct-practice theory. lt states that young animals play as part of their physical education. The physical actions that animals will need to use for survival are instinctual, that is preprogrammed in their brains. The animals, however, have to train their bodies to be able to perform these actions. So this theory explains why the play of young animals centers on real-life tasks. For example, predatory animals those that hunt, kill, and consume other animals for food have often been observed attacking and biting during play, which are precisely the skills they will need in order to hunt for food.	关于第二种理论，本能练习理论，问题是，在一些动物中，玩耍和练习似乎对狩猎技能没有太大影响。例如，在一项关于猫的实验中，研究人员允许一组小猫玩耍，但不允许另一组小猫玩耍。研究人员认为，被允许玩耍的猫会成为更好的猎人，但随着动物年龄的增长，这种情况并没有发生。玩耍的猫并不比其他的猫更擅长打猎。
A third theory, called the social functions theory is that animals play to establish social relationships within their group. Basically, play gives animals a chance to bond with the other members in their group. For example, in a study of rats, those that played together made high-pitched squeaks that were accompanied by the release of pleasure may motivate the animals to stay together as a harmonious group even while not playing.	尽管玩耍可以帮助老鼠彼此社交，但玩耍可能不是老鼠发展社交行为的必要条件。老鼠只在很小的时候玩耍，但科学家们观察到，老鼠大脑中对社会行为很重要的区域，即使在老鼠长大不再玩耍的时候，也能发育起来。换句话说，即使老鼠过了玩耍的年龄，它们也能发展出社交行为的能力。

学术讨论

　　政府重复2023.10.21/ 2024.4.6

　　Your professor is teaching a class on marketing. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　·express and support your personal opinion

　　·make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Achebe: This week, we will be discussing space exploration. Some people think that it is a waste of money for governments to fund space exploration. Others disagree with this view arguing that space exploration is a valuable and necessary investment for our future. They think that it is worthy for governments to fund space exploration. l want to know what you think about this topic. Do you think that governments should fund space exploration? Why or why not?

　　Kelly: I don't think that governments should fund space exploration because it will be too costly to build spaceships and develop related technologies. Though space exploration tech costs billions, it doesn't offer direct benefits to most people, which makes its funding a controversial issue.

　　Paul: Personally, I do think that all the costs will be worth it. The potential scientific discoveries and technological advancements could have far-reaching impacts that justify the initial investment. lmagine the new inventions that might come from this exploration. Such technology could greatly improve our everyday lives.

　　范文：

　　Governments should unequivocally fund space exploration, as it drives technological innovation, addresses global challenges, and inspires international cooperation—yielding returns far exceeding initial investments. Firstly, space programs historically catalyze breakthroughs with terrestrial applications. For example, NASA’s Apollo missions spurred miniaturized computing, paving the way for modern smartphones. Similarly, MRI technology originated from NASA’s satellite imaging research, revolutionizing medical diagnostics. Such innovations demonstrate that space funding indirectly saves lives and boosts economic productivity. Secondly, Space exploration is critical for monitoring climate change and asteroid threats. Satellites like ESA’s Copernicus track deforestation and sea-level rise, providing data essential for environmental policy. Moreover, the International Space Station (ISS)—a partnership among 15 nations—shows how shared missions foster diplomatic ties. Joint Mars rover projects (e.g., U.S.-UAE collaborations) advance science while bridging geopolitical divides. Critics argue funds should prioritize poverty or healthcare. However, space investment complements these goals: satellite data optimizes agricultural yields in famine-prone regions (e.g., FAO’s drought predictions in Africa), while GPS technology enhances disaster response. In conclusion, Defunding space exploration would stifle human progress. By supporting it, governments invest in a sustainable, interconnected future—where scientific discovery benefits all humanity.

第二套

　　综合写作天文学重复 2024.4.6

阅读

听力

　　主题：Ashen Light

　　According to one theory, the glow is caused by chemical reactions triggered in Venus' atmosphere by the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation can generate highly reactive oxygen atoms in Venus atmosphere. Oxygen atoms have a strong tendency to join together and form oxygen molecules (oxygen molecules contain two oxygen atoms). During this reaction, energy is released in the form of a weak light. lf the reactions occurred on a massive scale, the released light would be observable from Earth.

　　第一种观点认为，金星上出现灰白色的光是因为紫外线辐射在金星大气中引起了化学反应。这样的反应可能不会产生这种光，当自由氧原子结合形成双氧分子时，发出的光就在光谱的绿色部分。然而，大多数观察到的灰光都是黄色或金色的，而不是绿色的。这不是一个可信的理论。

　　A second theory suggests that the phenomenon called Ashen Light is caused by violent lightning storms on Venus. Venus has a dense atmosphere and thick cloud cover. These conditions make the planet prone to intense lightning storms. Frequent lightning flashes during such storms may be generating the yellowish glow that astronomers have observed on Venus nightside.

　　第二，雷暴理论。金星是一分为二的。一面是被太阳照亮的一面，这就是我们所说的白天的一面。另一边是黑夜。问题是，阅读材料中提到的强烈雷暴大多发生在金星白天的那一面，但那里并没有观测到灰白色的光。据报道，金星的暗面会发出灰白色的光，而暗面的雷暴可能太弱，不会发出灰白色的光。

　　Third, Ashen Light could be an observational illusion caused by flaws in the telescopes some observers use, or by atmospheric conditions in places where the observers live. Optical instruments, such as telescopes, are complex pieces of machinery; even small flaws in their design can create artificial optical impressions, like flashes of light. Also, observers viewing then night sky sometimes mistake various light distortions produced by Earth's atmosphere for events happening out in space. So the source of Ashen Light may not be Venus at all; the light effect may be caused by the instruments or observational conditions here on Earth.

　　最后，有没有可能金星并没有发出真正的灰白色的光，而我们所看到的是由地球上的设备故障或天气条件造成的。这不太可能。自观测以来，地球上不同地点的几位天文学家经常独立报道对灰白光的观测。同时，在不同的位置使用不同的望远镜，暗淡的光线不太可能是由望远镜的缺陷或当地的大气条件造成的。灰白色的光似乎是一种真实的现象，实际上正在金星上发生

　　● 学术讨论社会现象重复 2023.11.12/ 2025.3.1

　　Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　·express and support your personal opinion

　　·make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Achebe: We've been discussing the idea that human well-being is not necessarily improved by ever-increasing production and consumption of goods and services. Some people argue that humans; already consume too many goods, from clothing to electronics to food; they believe that excessive consumption has created serious problems for humanity and even the planet. Do you agree that excessive consumption buying more than we truly need-has become a serious problem? Why?

　　Kelly: I totally agree. We are buying far more than we need, and this cannot go on indefinitely. For many years, people have used shopping as a form of entertainment. Products bought on a whim fill landfills, and the energy consumed to produce them contributes to the global warming crisis. We should start to reduce our consumption gradually

　　Paul: I don't agree with the idea that over-consumption is a serious problem. l agree that there is some over-consumption, but it mostly happens to the rich, l think in general, almost everyone only buys what they need. In fact, many people in the world don't even have access to everything they need.

第三套

　　综合写作植物重复 2022.3.5

阅读

听力

　主题： the function of knees

　　First, knees may help the trees' roots absorb or take in oxygen. Plant roots require oxygen for important cellular functions, and the soil in the watery habitats where cypress trees often grow is low in oxygen. Roots of plants growing in low-oxygen soil must often obtain oxygen from another source. For example, mangrove trees, which also grow in soil that is underwater, are known for having above-ground roots that absorb oxygen. Like the roots of mangroves, cypress knees may take in oxygen from the air and deliver it to the deeper roots.

　　科学家做了实验，发现把knees放在装满氧气的容器(container)里经过一段时间后，氧气含量(content of oxygen)并没有变化，说明knees根本不是用来吸收氧气的;

　　Second, knees may help cypress trees stand firmly in the soi, making them better able to remain securely in place when exposed to high winds or strong water currents. The fact that the cypress has knees in addition to a network of roots may provide additional stability, allowing the tree to anchor itself well in the soi. Cypress trees may need this additional support due to the softness of the wet soil in which they grow.

　　用来保持树的稳定支撑的根使垂直(vertical)的根，而knees是生长在水平(horizontal)的根上的，所以不具备保持稳定的功能(additional stability);

　　Finally, knees grow on trees in areas where methane gas exists in the soi. The knees are in direct contact with the soil infused with methane, which is of no use to trees. Therefore, the function of knees may be to release methane gas from the trees roots into the air. The fact that measurable amounts of methane have been detected in the air above the knees supports this idea.

　　甲烷(methane)对植物虽然没有好处但并没有坏处，所以树没必要进化出一种结构专门去释放这种没影响的气体;其次，树根上有许多微生物(tiny organisms)也可以排出甲烷，并不需要knees排出。

　　学术讨论文化娱乐重复2023.7.26/ 2024.1.24/ 2025.3.1

　　Your professor is teaching a class on psychology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　·express and support your personal opinion

　　·make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Achebe: This week, we discussed the importance of role models and opinion makers in society. One idea we discussed was the widespread impact of "influencers." Influencers are people who are very active posting on social media and who have many followers. Influencers' posts and opinions can influence their followers' choices on everything from fashion to politics. In your opinion, do social media influencers generally have a positive or negative effect on their followers? Why do you think so?

　　Kelly: I think the influencers' effect is generally positive. People can learn about the latest trends and topics in a very quick and efficient way by following influencers. In the past, people had to spend time looking through magazines or visiting boutiques to even know what was trending.

　　Paul: I think influencers generally have a negative effect because they have far too much influence. l can think of one influencer who only has to mention a particular kind of sports shoe, and the next day they'll be sold out. The followers aren't really thinking for themselves; they're just blindly following the influencers' choices.

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