【托福写作机经】2024年11月13日托福考试回忆

2024-12-04 14:49:22来源：网络

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　　2024年11月13日的托福考已经成为回忆，新东方在线SAT考试网为大家整理了此次考试的托福写作机经，让我们一起来回顾和分析这次的写作考查内容。

托福写作机经

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主题：通过培养细菌清理海洋油污

1. One of the critics' concerns is that a bacterial population, dramatically increased by feeding on an oil spill, will stay in the area after the spill is cleaned up. The bacteria could come to dominate the area, competing with native plants and animals for food and sunlight. The negative environmental effects of this could be significant.

1. First, it's very unlikely that the bacteria can contaminate the ocean ecosystem after the spill is cleaned. These bacteria have evolved to feed on one thing oil. They naturally thrive only in ocean habitats that contain oil from natural sources. So in an oil spill situation, once the bacteria have broken down the oil into harmless chemicals, they quickly die off since their main food source. Crude oil has been depleted.

2. Second, bacteria at the oil spill site must be given extra nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) in order to grow, reproduce, and do their job at an efficient rate. The problem is that the extra nutrients can leak outside of the area affected by the spill, and they may attract and feed other marine organisms. This can result in extremely rapid population growth among the other organisms, upsetting the balance of marine ecosystems near the spill.

2. Second, it's true that nutrients used to support oil eating bacteria might upset the balance of the ecosystem. However, you have to compare this risk with the damage that is certain to take place in the ecosystem if we fail to use bacteria and rely on more traditional methods of cleaning up oil spills. The traditional methods are pretty slow. And allow toxic oil to sit in the ecosystem long enough to wipe out much of the life in it. This damage is typically long lasting. By comparison, damage caused by an excess of nutrients is typically not as great. And the affected ecosystem reestablishes its old balance faster.

3. Third, if oil-transporting companies start to believe bacteria can cheaply and efficiently clean up oil spills, they might start to pay less attention to spill prevention. This could lead to spills becoming more frequent. More frequent spills could cause lasting environmental damage because some harmful oil components are too complex for the bacteria to break down, and these components remain in the ocean even after a bacterial cleanup.

3. Finally, I'm pretty sure oil transporting companies will remain very careful about preventing spills. Even though the bacteria can make the cleanup of the spill faster and cheaper, there are other costs the companies have to cover when a spill occurs. For example, millions may have to be spent compensating local fisheries for the time they cannot fish in the affected waters. And there may be other penalties and payments to compensate for potential loss of tourism and damage to other industries in the area. So the companies will still have plenty of motivation to keep very strict safety precautions to prevent oil spills.

学术讨论

　　Your professor is teaching a class on psychology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　· express and support your personal opinion

　　· make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Achebe:This week, we'll be discussing ways in which schools can help expose their students (aged 5-18) to learning experiences beyond the classroom. Let's begin by discussing one popular idea that some schools are considering-offering outdoor classes once a month. On the day of outdoor classes, students will be transported to local parks or nature preserves, and teachers can help students explore nature and learn about the environment. Do you think this is a good idea?

　　Kelly: Having outdoor classes once a month seems like an exciting way of providing students with interesting hands-on experiences. However, I don't think these classes would be a worthwhile use of instructional time and of school resources. These classes could put substantial pressure on schools financial resources and on teachers, who may have to redesign

　　their lesson plans.

　　Paul: Outdoor classes can increase students' motivation for learning about interconnectedness in the natural world. These classes could be great opportunities to teach students about dire environmental problems, such as pollution,and ways of addressing these problems. It will deepen their understanding beyond what books could do and would be time well spent.

　　范文：

　　From my perspective, offering outdoor classes for these students once a month can be a great idea. This is because being in a natural environment can stimulate students' curiosity and promote hands-on learning. Experiential learning in nature often leads to better retention of information. For example, my sister’s high school always organizes field trips to a local ecosystem, such as a wetland or forest. Prior to the trip, students learn about local flora and fauna through classroom lessons, studying concepts such as habitats, food chains, and environmental conservation. After they arrive, they break into small groups, each with a teacher or guide. Students are encouraged to observe different species of plants and animals, using magnifying glasses to examine insects or collect leaves to identify later. They participate in activities like pond dipping, where they use nets to catch small aquatic creatures to study closely, discussing their roles in the ecosystem. After they have a personal connection to their learning through direct experience, they are more likely to remember the knowledge. Therefore, it is beneficial to provide such kind of outdoor lessons.