【托福写作机经】2024年12月1日托福考试回忆【下午场】

2024-12-04 16:42:16来源：网络

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　　2024年12月1日下午场的托福考已经成为回忆，新东方在线SAT考试网为大家整理了此次考试的托福写作机经，让我们一起来回顾和分析这次的写作考查内容。

托福写作机经

综合写作

阅读

听力

主题：无人驾驶的货船是否比传统的货船好

1. Cost

Crew-less cargo ships will be cheaper to operate than traditional cargo ships. Hiring an onboard crew to operate a traditional ship can cost approximately $3,000 to $4,000 a day. However, crew-less ships can sail on their own. Various technologies on board replace the crew that normally operates and guides a ship. Without the expense of a crew, crew-less cargo ships will save companies money and perhaps lower shipping costs.

1. To begin with, these crew-less ships probably won't save companies. You see, crews are actually very valuable because they can perform maintenance on ships while they're out at sea. Whereas crew ish ships can only have maintenance done once they're in a port. So a crew-less ship has to spend extra time in port having maintenance work. And while it's in port, the ship can't earn money by shipping goods. So the ship's owner loses money.

2. Piracy

In addition, crew-less cargo ships will be less vulnerable to piracy. If pirates board a conventional ship, they can force the crew to give them control of the ship and allow them to steal the valuable cargo on board. A crew-less cargo ship, however, would not have a crew to intimidate and could be designed so that it would be very difficult to board at sea. Even if pirates did manage to get onto one of these ships, they would not be able to alter its course, as there would be no onboard controls that humans could operate.

2. Although it's true that there would be no controls on a crew-less ship for pirates to use. There would still be ways for them to steal these ships. While crew-less ships would be largely autonomous, capable of navigating without direct human intervention. The ships would still need to receive occasional transmissions from people on land. Such as software updates for the navigation technology. In the future, computer pirates known as cyber pirates could take advantage of this and find a way to take control of ships simply by transmitting alternate instructions to them. So they could steal a crew-less ship by forcing it to change course. Possibly without even being near it.

3. Accidents

Lastly, these crew-less cargo ships will be involved in fewer accidents than traditional cargo ships. Each year, hundreds of cargo ships around the world are damaged or destroyed in accidents— fires break out in engine rooms, and ships take on water and sink when they tip over or get their hulls damaged. Research indicates that these accidents are primarily caused by human error, often because of tired or distracted crew members. Crew-less cargo ships are not prone to such errors and will therefore be much safer than traditional cargo ships.

3. And finally, sure crews can cause accidents when they're tired or distracted. But they can also prevent accidents when technology fails. For example. Ships use sensor technology to avoid striking objects like other ships and icebergs. This technology can be disrupted by high winds and other weather conditions. IFA crew is on board. They can spot objects in their path. But a crew-less ship, unable to detect these objects under certain conditions. Might continue its course and cause a serious accident. Because crewish ships don't have people to rely on when technology fails, they could actually end up causing more accidents.

学术讨论

　　Your professor is teaching a class on education. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　· express and support your personal opinion

　　· make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Achebe:This week, our focus in class is the creation and evolution of public school policies. A crucial aspect of educational policy pertains to the selection of courses offered in schools. With the emergence of new communication methods and employment opportunities, there is a growing belief that schools should introduce innovative subjects. The question l would like to explore is whether these new and unique subjects should be included in the curriculum of public schools.

　　Kelly: I firmly believe that public schools should introduce new courses. For example, people are increasingly communicating through sharing photos and videos on the internet. I think a course on video composition - how to create compelling and effective videos - would be highly valuable for today's students. There are many other similar topics that students could benefit from as well.

　　Paul: However, I don't believe that high school curricula need to change drastically. The primary aim of most high school courses is to prepare students for higher education, and those fundamental requirements haven't changed. If students want to learn something like composition or film editing, they can watch instructional videos on the internet. They don't need to take classes in school to learn these things.

　　范文：

　　From my perspective, public schools should not introduce innovative subjects into the curricula. This is because there is a risk that adding too many subjects could lead to a crowded curriculum, making it difficult to cover essential foundational topics adequately. For example, when I was in high school, I had a miserable time dealing with a number of new subjects, such as digital storytelling, media literacy and creative writing workshops, which were considered as an extremely significant step toward a well-rounded curriculum-building by the school. As a result, the time allocated for core literacy skills like reading comprehension, grammar, and vocabulary development was greatly reduced. As these foundational skills were crucial for all other subjects, insufficient attention hindered my overall academic performance. Therefore, considering the potential risk, it is better for school to stick to traditional courses and not to introduce new ones.